Elastomers are extremely interesting polymeric substances that certainly deserve our attention. In everyday life we encounter them more often than we might think, although we often do not realize it. The production of an elastomer can be based on both natural and synthetic raw materials – in both cases, however, the aim is to preserve its most important properties.
Elastomer what is it?
Elastomers can be of natural origin, like rubber, or artificial, like various types of rubber. What distinguishes elastomers from other materials? First of all, their ability to deform reversibly. This means that under the influence of external forces they can change their shape and size, but once these forces cease, they return to their original form without structural damage.
Properties of elastomers
Elastomers are materials that are distinguished by their remarkable elasticity. This property allows elastomers to change shape and size under various stresses, such as compression or tension, and then return to their original shape. Resistance to abrasion and chemical attack makes elastomers ideal for applications where durability is key. Elastomers also exhibit high resistance to temperature extremes, allowing them to be used in harsh environments.
Elastomers are great materials that dampen vibrations, which is especially useful in the machinery and transportation industries. The ability to be electrically insulating makes elastomers often used in the electronics and construction industries.
Application of elastomers
Elastomers in the machinery and transportation industries are irreplaceable for their flexibility and abrasion resistance. The manufacture of gaskets, washers and inner tubes are just some of the applications that allow them to effectively dampen vibrations and provide durability in harsh environments. In the textile industry, elastomers are used to produce high-strength materials that also maintain flexibility.
In the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, elastomers are used as materials resistant to aggressive chemicals. In the construction industry, elastomers act as insulating and bonding elements, which is key to ensuring the durability of structures. Thanks to their versatility, elastomers are also used in the food industry, where their biological inertness is invaluable for food packaging.
Elastomers are used to produce bumpers that protect our furniture and walls from damage. Their ability to dampen vibrations and resistance to abrasion make them indispensable in this role. Another example is bicycle inner tubes, which can withstand various terrain and weather conditions thanks to the elasticity of elastomers.
Commercially available elastomers come in many variants, and of particular interest are oil- and acid-resistant rubbers and bio-neutral materials used by a manufacturer of plastic products in the food industry for food packaging. Various types of elastomers are widely used in the production of structural components. For example, refrigeration and air conditioning pipes are often made from elastomeric polymers, as are selected types of insulation, roofing and window profiles.
Natural versus synthetic elastomers – what is the difference?
Natural elastomers, such as rubber, are derived from renewable resources, while synthetic elastomers are produced chemically. Natural elastomers often have better flexibility and abrasion resistance, but may be less resistant to chemicals compared to some synthetic counterparts.
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